The relations between dry port characteristics and regional port-hinterland settings: findings for a global sample of dry ports

This paper aims at defining generic characteristics of dry ports by carrying out an analysis using a large sample of dry ports from around the world. The dataset includes details on 107 inland terminals worldwide. All dry ports in the database have been selected from studies in the extant literature before being shortlisted to fit our research scope. Data collected include terminologies used, actors driving the development, terminal throughput, total area, services provided and the relation with the corresponding seaport(s). Using statistical analysis, the paper examines how dry port parameters are influenced by (1) a different terminal set up, like sea-driven and land-driven development, developed and developing system, dry port functions; (2) specifications of the seaport with which the dry port is connected, i.e. seaport traffic, connectivity, utilization, etc. and (3) the transport leg linking dry ports and seaports. The findings could be applied to the planning and development of inland nodes from the perspectives of different stakeholders.     

Forecasting container throughput based on wavelet transforms within a decomposition-ensemble methodology: a case study of China

To improve predictive accuracy, new hybrid models are proposed for container throughput forecasting based on wavelet transforms and data characteristic analysis (DCA) within a decomposition-ensemble methodology. Because of the complexity and nonlinearity of the time series of container throughputs at ports, the methodology decomposes the original time series into several components, which are rather simpler sub-sequences. Consequently, difficult forecasting tasks are simplified into a number of relatively easier subtasks. In this way, the proposed hybrid models can improve the accuracy of forecasting significantly. In the methodology, four main steps are involved: data decomposition, component reconstruction based on the DCA, individual prediction for each reconstructed component, and ensemble prediction as the final output. An empirical analysis was conducted for illustration and verification purposes by using time series of container throughputs at three main ports in Bohai Rim, China. The results suggest that the proposed hybrid models are able to forecast better than do other benchmark models. Forecasting may facilitate effective real-time decision making for strategic management and policy drafting. Predictions of container throughput can help port managers make tactical and operational decisions, such as operations planning in ports, the scheduling of port equipment, and route optimization.     

基于统计能量法的船舶板架结构简化建模方法研究

统计能量法是解决复杂结构高频动力学问题的主要方法之一,限于其分析特性,过于细致化的建模会引发其计算量大、计算精度低等问题。针对典型的船体板架结构,提出基于统计能量法的船体板架结构简化建模方法,并结合数值计算加以验证。根据实际需求,提出简化建模的等效原则,给出多平板的简化建模方法;通过研究给出周期加筋板的简化建模方法;提出一种双层底结构的简化建模方法,并进行误差分析。     

无人船在海洋调查领域的应用分析与思考

基于无人船机动灵活、安全性高、可在常规调查平台受限的水域作业的特点,将其引入海洋调查领域,作为一种新型调查平台使用。海洋调查无人船主要用于海洋环境观测和海底探测,目前其发展的关键在于如何降低平台对任务载荷的扰动,保证循线精度,提高通信系统的可靠性。根据水深、水动力和水底地形地貌等条件,将无人船工作环境分为岛礁区、滨海区、浅海区、半深海区和深海区5类;结合作业环境,以无人船的体量和吃水深度为依据,建议将其分为微型平台、小型平台、中型平台、大型平台和超大型平台,并对适配任务载荷作出分析。     

基于高频感应加热的船用钢板材弯曲成形

在船舶建造过程中,高频感应加热是实现船体板材高效高精度弯曲成形的重要方法。本文首先采用25KW新型高频感应加热设备,进行不同感应加热过程及工艺的实验,得到典型弯曲形式的船体外板（马鞍型和帆型）。同时,采用三坐标定位仪进行面外弯曲变形的测量和曲面重构,得到实验板材面外弯曲变形的分布和数值。通过热-弹-塑性有限元分析与弹性有限元分析两种方法,计算预测板材在高频感应加热作用下的面外弯曲变形;两种数值方法预测的板材面外弯曲变形趋势和数值与测量结果比较吻合,且在弹性有限元分析中,计算机资源消耗少,计算结果精度高。     

江中型LNG加注趸船旁靠系泊作业的安全性

内河LNG加注趸船是我国提出并得到实际应用的一种新船型,其适用于长江、珠江等季节水位高差变化较大的天然性水域。本文采用水动力数值分析方法,针对一艘典型的江中型LNG加注趸船,研究分析了三种不同吨级LNG动力船旁靠系泊加注趸船进行补给作业时,在风、浪、流载荷联合作用下,两船旁靠系泊水动力安全问题,并给出了三种不同吨级LNG动力船旁靠作业的限制环境条件建议值。研究结论可为实际工程操作提供有益参考。     

基于序贯代理模型的转子系统频响特性区间分析方法

在转子系统的频率响应分析中,不确定性广泛存在,并且对分析结果有较大的影响。本文提出了一种面向含区间不确定性转子系统频响分析的序贯代理模型方法。基于区间数学以及转子动力学理论,本文首先建立了含区间参数转子系统频响的控制方程。基于传统的静态代理模型提出了面向转子系统区间分析的序贯代理模型方法。该方法首先通过叫少量的样本点构造粗糙代理模型,再提出了两个指标函数进行下一阶段的选点。重复该过程,直到满足收敛条件,最终可以得到转子系统频率响应的精细代理模型,进而得到区间边界。和传统的区间分析方法相比,该方法精度高,适合非线性问题。     

坞式闸室混凝土裂缝控制措施

坞式闸室在以往的工程中经常会在闸室底板和倒角产生混凝土裂缝,底板裂缝通过后浇带设计加以解决,后浇带处理不当会产生人为裂缝、同时也会带来施工不便。探讨坞式闸室底板整体浇筑的可行性,研究采用三维有限单元法模拟船闸坞式闸室的施工过程,分析指出闸室底板和倒角可能产生裂缝的成因,提出应用预应力加固技术防治混凝土裂缝,同时提出了预应力布置参数。计算结果表明,施加预应力后可有效降低底板和倒角处的拉应力,使其低于混凝土应力控制标准,达到了防治裂缝的目的。     

基于Moldflow的仪表面罩熔接线验证与结构优化

建立了分析模型,应用Moldflow软件对仪表面罩进行了注塑仿真分析。分析结果表明了熔接线位置,将其与实际零件熔接线缺陷进行了对比验证;同时从仪表面罩结构设计角度提出了可行性解决方案,并总结了在零件结构设计过程中导致熔接线缺陷的关键要素。对比验证结果表明:模流分析能有效指导优化仪表面罩结构,从而减少零件试模次数,提升零件质量,降低制造成本,缩短设计周期。     

某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。